Context & The Gist
The article discusses a photograph taken during Constitution Day celebrations (November 26th, marking the adoption of the Constitution in 1949) featuring Prime Minister Modi and Rahul Gandhi alongside other leaders.
It argues that despite existing political polarization, the photograph symbolizes the potential for common ground and compassion, essential for a functioning democracy, particularly as a new Parliament session begins.
Key Arguments & Nuances
- Symbolism vs. Reality: The photograph presents a unified image, but underlying political tensions remain, with both BJP and Congress continuing to criticize each other’s ideologies.
- Constitutional Values as a Moderating Influence: The article highlights how constitutional values, exemplified by the new Chief Justice of India’s compassionate approach to issues like electoral rolls and citizenship debates, can offer a moderating influence.
- The Unoccupied Middle Ground: Despite instances of shared constitutional commitment, the political middle ground remains largely unoccupied, requiring conscious effort to amplify common ground.
UPSC Syllabus Relevance
- Polity - Constitution of India: Understanding the basic features, philosophy, and amendments of the Indian Constitution.
- Governance - Political System: Analyzing the dynamics of Indian politics, including party ideologies, electoral processes, and the role of opposition.
- Social Issues - Ideological Conflicts: Examining the impact of ideological polarization on Indian society and the importance of inclusive governance.
Prelims Data Bank
- Constitution Day: Celebrated on November 26th, commemorating the adoption of the Indian Constitution by the Constituent Assembly in 1949.
- Article 326: Deals with the provisions for elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.
- Constituent Assembly: Formed in 1946, responsible for drafting the Indian Constitution.
Mains Critical Analysis
The article underscores the critical need for dialogue and consensus-building in a deeply polarized political landscape. The symbolic gesture of leaders reading the Preamble highlights the shared commitment to constitutional values, but this commitment must translate into concrete action.
The challenges lie in overcoming entrenched ideological positions and fostering a culture of mutual respect. The opportunities reside in leveraging the Constitution as a unifying force and promoting a more compassionate approach to governance.
The CJI’s stance on electoral rolls exemplifies a shift towards a more humane interpretation of constitutional principles. However, this approach needs to be institutionalized and extended to other contentious issues. A key critical gap is the lack of sustained engagement between political parties on common ground, often overshadowed by adversarial politics.
Value Addition
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973): Landmark SC judgment establishing the ‘basic structure’ doctrine, limiting Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution.
- National Integration Council: Established in 1961 to promote communal harmony and national integration.
- Quote: “The Constitution is not a mere lawyers’ document, it is a vehicle of life, and its spirit is always the spirit of the age.” – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
The Way Forward
- Immediate Measure: Institutionalize inter-party dialogues on constitutional values and national issues, facilitated by parliamentary committees or independent bodies.
- Long-term Reform: Promote civic education emphasizing constitutional principles and fostering a culture of respectful debate among citizens.